Abstract: Water pollution has become world-wide phenomenon. Both deficiency and excess of minerals and trace elements in water can have deleterious consequences on biological system. The major ecological problem are the pollutants from industries, pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers and chemicals. The underground water is polluted by many hazardous pollutants like colored dyes, nitrates, metals, pesticides and fluoride. Fluoride is one of major concern among these pollutants. The problem due to high concentration of fluoride in ground water has now become one of the most important health geo-enviornmental issues in india. Fluorosis which was considered to be a problem related to teeth only has now turned up to serious health hazard. However no system of the body can be considered as exempt. 2 3- at At the normal levels of fluoride ingestion (approximately 6 mg/day) almost 87% of the absorbed fluoride is excreted through kidneys (McClure et al.,1945, Hodge 7 and Smith, 1972).Thus among the soft tissues, kidneys supposedly have the highest fluoride content as both excreation and retention of fluoride are affected by kidneys, thus kidney are more prone to fluoride toxicity then other soft organs which generally do not attain high fluoride levels, to which kidneys are subjected S to. bund 2023/06/30 22:06 Experimental studies have shown that the dietary factors such as calcium, amino- acids and vitamin C,D and E can mitigate the toxic effects of individual treatment of fluoride. Thus the present investigation is undertaken to investigate the effects of sodium fluoride (5 and 50 ppm), ascorbic acid (25 ppm) and calcium (calcium phosphate 25 ppm) alone and with calcium and ascorbic acid with sodium fluoride in producing various changes at histological levels in the kidney of mice for understanding the mechanism of action of fluoride. Recovery studies for 10,20 and 30 days were also undertaken with a hope that it is quite possible that recovery will play an important role in the restoration of normal structure once the kidney is effected. T dependent. After withdrawal of treatment, the signs of recovery were evident on day 10.The recovery process continued till day 30 and it was more pronounced with ascorbic acid+ calcium treatment.

Key Words: Histological changes, Fluorosis, Ascorbic acid, Sodium Fluoride.

| DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2024.11582