VOLUME 2, ISSUE 12, DECEMBER 2015

Abstract: The study includes three subgroups of Multiple Sclerosis, namely RRMS, SPMS and PPMS as well as healthy individuals. The purpose of this study is to diagnose Multiple Sclerosis subgroups through Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Expanded Status Disability Scale. MRI and EDSS data belong to 139 volunteers, 120 of whom are MS patients (76 RRMS, 38 SPMS, 6 PPMS patients) and the remaining are healthy people. All subjects are between the ages of 20 and 55. Disability levels of MS symptoms are determined using Expanded Disability Status Scale. We have focused on three regions in the brain: brain stem, periventricular corpus callosum, and upper cervical regions. EDSS scores and number of lesions in these three regions are considered as the parameters of the ANN algorithms to determine the subgroups of the disease. The empirical results are examined taking two aspects into consideration. One of them is MRI and the other is EDSS data. These two elements are applied onto the input of Artificial Neural Networks Algorithms that are Feed Forward Back Propagation, Learning Vector Quantization and Radial Basis Function. The significance of these variables for the diagnosis of MS subgroups has been revealed as a result of this study in which algorithm has been utilized.

Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Expanded Disability Status Scale, Feed Forward Back Propagation, Learning Vector Quantization, Radial Basis Function.

Abstract: The most common complication faced by petroleum engineers is the description of a reservoir, both accurately and efficiently. Inadequate and insufficient reservoir characterization lead most enhanced oil recovery and secondary recovery projects to fail and also makes it difficult to deal with heterogonous reservoir. An accurate description of a reservoir is vital to the reservoir management and achieving maximum oil recovery. Reservoir characterization plays a very important role in descripting the storage and flow capacity of a reservoir and also plays a decisive role in reservoir simulation. The main objective of this research is to identify reservoir barriers and productive zone using reservoir characterization, in this study some of the most useful methods such as Flow Zone Indicator (FZI), Discrete Rock Type (DRT), Winland R35 methods were applied to 4 different wells to identify the rock types and flow units developing a static reservoir characterization model. To achieve the objective of this research the static model is transformed into a dynamic model by introducing graphical method such as stratigraphic flow profile (SFP), stratigraphic modified Lorenz plot (SMLP) and modified Lorenz plot (MLP) to easily quantify reservoir flow units based on physical structure, storage capacity, flow capacity, rock type and reservoir process speed. The physical structure permits the flow units to be interpreted in a stratigraphic model arrangement, determining well-to-well correlation schemes; the main aim of understanding the flow unit's characterizations is to identify the barriers, speed zones and baffles.

Keywords: Flow Zone Indicator (FZI), Discrete Rock Type (DRT), Winland R35 methods, Flow unit (FU), Reservoir Quality Index (RQI), Hydraulic Flow Unit (HFU) stratigraphic flow profile (SFP), stratigraphic modified Lorenz plot (SMLP) and modified Lorenz plot (MLP).

Abstract: The image de-noising is one in all the foremost studied areas within the field of image processing. There are many ways (like communication channel, imperfect sensors, interference etc.) by which the noise may affect the image. Depending upon the nature of noise and the image many techniques has been already proposed. However for any technique it is difficult to operate on different level of noises over different kind of images (like SAR images, X-ray images, Ultrasound images etc.). The best possible solution for such cases is to use adaptive techniques. In this paper we are presenting a multilevel wavelet decomposition based adaptive thresholding technique which utilizes the modified Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to find out the optimal values for thresholds and level of decompositions for given objective function. The modification of PSO is done through random perturbation in particle velocities which induces small randomness in new particle position estimation. This randomness can effectively increase the particle search space, which ultimately provides a much better solution than the conventional PSO. Finally the proposed algorithm is validated by testing it over different kind of images corrupted by different values of noise.

Keywords: Image De-noising, Wavelet Decomposition, Adaptive Thresholding, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).

Abstract: Forecasting/prediction considering three decade baseline data on dissolved oxygen (DO) in western and central Indian Sundarbans reveals the probable occurrence of hypoxia in the aquatic system of this World Heritage site during 2050. Starting from the baseline year 1984 a decreasing trend of DO is observed irrespective of seasons and stations. The sudden rise of DO during premonsoon 2009 is the effect of Aila, a super-cyclone that hit the study area with a speed around 110 km/hr. Forecast value during 2050 premonsoon, monsoon and postmonsoon are 3.80 ppm, 6.08 ppm, 5.55 ppm respectively at Sagar South, whereas at Gosaba, the values are 3.25 ppm, 4.63 ppm and 3.85 ppm during premonsoon, monsoon and postmonsoon respectively. The overall result suggests a picture of concern as the aquatic system is gradually approaching towards hypoxia. The super-cyclone Aila caused a massive adverse impact on the salinity profile of the study area as well as on the livelihood, but a congenial situation is observed with respect to DO level in the estuarine waters.

Keywords: Forecast, dissolved oxygen (DO), hypoxia, Aila.

Abstract: The field of medical imaging sciences has ever been growing over the past couple of decades in terms of its vast database, which may itself seem to be detrimental towards the radiologists and physicians because of the very reason that they may be unable to distinguish and interpret the images amongst the others. Thus, the need of the automated view classification, detection of orientation and the diagnosis of diseases is very much inevitable, which can be employable by means of the state-of-the-art decision making algorithms in the modern era of computational excellence. In this work, X-ray images of six different classes namely chest, skull, foot, palm, spine and neck with different position namely anterior view, lateral view and oblique view have been taken. The position of the X-ray images are automatically detected using speed up Robust Features and Harris corner detector algorithm, out of which SURF out performing Harris corner detector with an accuracy of 95.22%

Keywords: X-ray images, M3 filter, anterior-posterior view, lateral view, oblique view, Speed Up Robust Features (SURF), Harris corner detector.

Abstract: This presents an approach towards implementation of the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) for image compression. The design follows a specific standard and can be used for lossless compression. Wavelets are mathematical functions that cut up data into different frequency components, and then study each component with a resolution matched to its scale. The demand for obtaining a higher quality images and transmitting them over the internet has created a strong need to develop algorithms and coding for such images. The algorithm included in this paper is the Felics algorithm which includes adjusted binary code & golomb rice coding. Transformation used is the Haar transform since it is advantageous over other transforms.

Keywords: Wavelet, Haar, Felics, MSE, CR, PSNR, Elapsed time.

Abstract: The assault of free radicals and imbalance in oxidant and antioxidant status leads to the induction of diseases from cancers to neuro-degenerative diseases. Natural antioxidants can put a secured check over free radicals and the damages induced by them at various levels. Seaweeds are rich in bioactive compounds like sulfated polysaccharides, phlorotannins and diterpenes which are benefit for both human health applications. Turbinaria ornata, the spiny leaf seaweed has been studied for its antioxidant, antiulcer, wound healing and hepatoprotective activities. In the present study, phytochemicals analysis, in vitro antioxidant and anti-hemolysis activity of Turbinaria ornata methanolic extract (TOME) in RBC model was done. The results reveal the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, coumarines, steroids and terpenoids. The UV-Vis, FTIR and GCMS analysis also elucidates the presence of phenolics and important bioactive compounds in TOME, which exhibits appreciable antioxidant activity and prevents H2O2 induced hemolysis in human RBC model by maintaining the cell membrane integrity.

Keywords: Turbinaria ornata, invitro antioxidant avtivity, antihemolysis, bioactive compounds.

Abstract: TiO2 is used as photo catalyst because of its high oxidation power, stability and non toxicity.Cu-TiO2 nanocomposites was prepared by a adopting the solution impregnation method. After characterization for crystalline phase and particle size by XRD analysis, SEM analysis was carried out to seen morphology of samples, Surface area of TiO2 and Cu-TiO2 were analysed by BET. Both the prepared TiO2 and synthesized Cu-TiO2 nanocomposites were used as photo catalyst in the photo-degradation of methyl red. The Photo-degradation of methyl red in the presence of pure TiO2 and synthesized Cu-TiO2 was done. The Photo-degradation of methyl red were investigated at different condition of temperature, concentration and pH. The effective photo-degradation was found in case of methyl red in the presence of Cu-TiO2 as compared to pure TiO2 at different conditions. Photo-degradation of methyl is following the pseudo first order kinetics.

Keywords: Photo degradation, methyl red, photo-catalyst.

Abstract: In this paper we study some basic concept of queuing theory and provide brief overview of queuing theory. We analyze the basic component of queuing theory and different type of distribution that are used to analyze a queuing model. The importance and requirement of state dependent queuing model also explained. Finally some basic model of queuing theory, performance measures is discussed and methodologies used to analyze such model are explained.

Keywords: State dependent model, Vacation model, Breakdown model, Maximum entropy principle.

Abstract: Virtualization is a powerful technique used for variety of application domains, including merging cloud environments that provide access to virtual machines as a service. This paper discusses the challenges of performance monitoring inherent to virtualized environments and introduces a technique to virtualize access to low-level performance counters on a per-thread basis. The technique was implemented in perfctr-xen, a framework for the Xen hypervisor that provides an infrastructure for higher-level profilers. This framework supports both accumulative event counts and interrupt-driven event sampling .Paper presents experimental results based on micro benchmarks and SPEC CPU2006 macro benchmarks that show the accuracy and usability of the obtained measurements when compared to native execution.

Keywords: Virtualization, Framework, Hypervisor, Virtual Machine.

Abstract: The feasibility of producing bioethanol from Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) peels using fermentation process was examined. The gelatinized sample of sweet potato was subjected to a two stage enzyme hydrolysis using bacterial alpha-amylase (Amylitic-TS) and fungal alpha-amylase (AMG) to produce fermentable sugar solution. The hydrolyzed liquor was inoculated with Industrial baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiea) and gave ethanol yield of 11.60% after 7 days of fermentation. The efficiency of the fermentation process was evidenced by the decline in the pH and brix level of the fermented sugar solution. The pH dropped from 8.50 to 4.82 and brix level fall from 16.0 to 3.0. The reduced pH enhanced the optimum activity of the yeast. The decrease in the pH enabled the population of fungal to increase significantly from 3.10 X 104sfu/ml to 3.20 X 105sfu/ml after day 7. Conversion of wort to ethanol was optimum at the lowest specific gravity value of 0.9830. This trend can be attributed to steady decline in the brix level as fermentation process progressed.

Keywords: Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas), ethanol, enzyme, hydrolysis, Saccharification.

Abstract: This research proposal provides corrosion behaviour of Manganese added Magnesium and its alloys. Magnesium is lightest of all Engineering metals and therefore it is attractive alternatives for Steels and aluminium. The corrosion of Mg and its alloys continues to be a major technological issue preventing wider usage of such alloys. Different corrosion like Galvanic corrosion, pitting corrosion, intergranular corrosion (IGC), filiform corrosion, crevice corrosion, stress corrosion cracking (SCC), and corrosion fatigue (CF) were already discussed for Mg alloys by different researchers[13]. In Magnesium- Aluminium (Mg-Al) alloys, the formation of intermetallic Al8(Mn,Fe)5 phase improves the corrosion resistance by removing elemental iron particles from the Mg and its alloy[10]. The corrosion rate examined via electrochemical and Weight loss method (Immersion test). It was seen that samples with Mn additions exhibited an increased Fe impurity tolerance level. This indicates that the Mn addition was able to moderate the effect of the Fe impurity on the corrosion of the Mg alloy. In addition, influencing factor of corrosion behaviour of Mg alloys like effect of allying element, Microstructure and secondary phases, grain size, effect of welding and heat treatment were discussed.

Keywords: Magnesium alloy; Manganese, Aluminium, Alloying Elements, Intermetallic phase; corrosion.

Abstract: Ad hoc is wireless, in dependable infrastructure dynamic and self organize network create among different mobile host. Network generally exists in a Disaster recoveries, military activities emergency operation .Routing protocol have a major role in mobile network, which are affected from different attacks. Ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol is suitable for routing protocol. Black hole attack is a serious hazard, in this attack a malicious node add spoof route and advertise shortest path to destination node and absorbs all data packet in it. In this paper, we have surveyed and compare the existing solution to black hole attack on AODV protocol and their demerit.

Keywords: AODV, Black hole attack, Residual energy, Routing overhead.

Abstract: The water contaminants such as calcium and magnesium salts are of great concern since they lead to water hardness. In this method of research the water containing calcium and magnesium ions was to be removed by cooling with dry gas a cheaper process up to about 00C in a 1 liter bottle keeping it in inverted shape a such that funnel portion goes down and bottom portion goes up in a refrigerator. It has been observed that more than 67% percentage of the hardness have been removed after measuring in the laboratory.

Keywords: Total hardness, Cooling process, dry gas.

Abstract: This paper presents the Image Recognition and location finder. With the increasing threat of terrorist, the advanced video surveillance system has to be put into use. The advanced video surveillance system needs to analyze the behaviors of people in order to prevent the occurrence of the potential dangerous case. In recent years, the development of human detection and tracking system has been going forward for several years; many real time systems have been developed. Face based applications such as face recognition and video surveillance systems have been more popular in computer vision during past several years. Such systems perform image processing on the human face and produce throughputs according to their purpose. Face Recognition is a very active research area specializing on how to recognize faces within images or videos. Face recognition compliments Face Detection. Face Detection is the process of finding a 'face' within images or videos and Face Recognition is the process of matching the detected 'face' to one of many the faces known to the file system. There are currently commercially available systems for face recognition, but they are bulky, expensive, and proprietary. Our goal was to create a portable low-cost system using the advanced communication technologies like Global Positioning System (GPS) and GSM (Global System for Mobile communications). An intelligent portable human recognition and identification system is proposed in this project using an ARM 7 based microcontroller and opencv based machine. The system consists of two parts. Unit 1 consists of portable system with BSD Linux including opencv library, usb and serial port to perform the image processing part. Initially using an usb camera interface continuous images are captured and these images are processed with help of Opencv and compared with existing database. If the current images are matching with any of the existing images the system generates command to the unit 2.The unit 2 will perform the location identification using GPS and forward the necessary information about the identified person using GSM/GPRS to concern authorities. This unit contains ARM7 LPC2148 and it is a very popular ARM7 microcontroller with 512 KB flash, 64 KB of RAM and with several I/O peripherals, which is more suitable for faster operations. The Keil compiler will be used for building the applications on LPC2148 ARM7 micro controller. Open CV, Linux is used for image processing. Additional sensor units and hardware units are used to build the application.Characters' extraction is developed. They provide a new idea to the vehicle burglarproof area.We proposed that the whole system is built on the platform of embedded system which took advantage of the algorithm of human face recognition. The ARM9-based system combined with the traditional merits of vehicle burglarproof. At the same time, GSM network could be also used in the system. When the crime happened or was about to doing, the messages of alarm would be sent to the vehicle owner as soon as possible. The performance of vehicle burglarproof system has been improved by the system, and the traditional vehicle burglarproof disadvantage could also be solved by this algorithm.

Keywords: Video Capture, Human face recognition, ARM7, GPS receiver, GSM, LINUX, OpenCV.

Abstract: This paper presents the results of an exploratory study carried out to learn about the benefits and challenges of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) public distribution system. The study investigates ICT infrastructure, software used, driver for ICT investment, perceptions about business benefits of ICT and outsourcing trends of PDS. The study provides an insight on the barriers for the adoption of ICT. Data on these aspects of ICT was collected from Fair price shops (FPS) satara (Maharashtra) districts through a survey instrument. The results of the study show that only a small number of FPS is aware of the benefits of ICT adoption. The main driving forces for ICT investment are to provide better and faster customer service and to stay ahead of the competition. Lack of internal capabilities, high cost of ICT and lack of information about suitable ICT solutions and implementation were some of the major barriers in adopting ICT. There is a need for more focus and concerted efforts on increasing awareness among FPS on the benefits of ICT adoption. The results of the study recognize the need for more training facilities in ICT for FPS, measures to provide ICT products and services at an affordable cost, and availability of free professional advice and consulting at reasonable cost to FPS. Our findings therefore have important implication for policy aimed at ICT adoption and use by PDS. The findings of this research will provide a foundation for future research and will help policy makers in understanding the current state of affairs of the usage and impact of ICT in PDS.

Keywords: PDS (Public Distribution System), ICT (Information and communication Technology) Fair Price Shop, Social Security, Essential Commodities.

Abstract: The present work reports the UV absorption spectral characteristics, and charge distribution analysis of two liquid crystal molecules viz., 1-Dinitrogen-10-(4-pentyl-1-quinuclidinyl)-closo-decaborate (NCDB), and 1-Dinitrogen-10-(4-pentyl-1-thiacyclohexyl)-closo-decaborate (SCDB). Mulliken and Loewdin population analysis have been performed to understand the charge distribution of the molecules. The electronic transitions, ultraviolet (UV) absorption wavelengths, HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) and LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energies have been reported. Further, charge distribution, and UV stability of the molecules has been discussed in the light of partial atomic charges, absorption wavelength and electronic transition oscillator strength (f) respectively.

Keywords: Charge distribution, HOMO, LUMO, Oscillator strength.

Abstract: Bubble point pressure is an important reservoir fluid property. Many reservoir engineering calculations are bubble point pressure dependable, such as reserve estimation. In circumstances, laboratory PVT analysis is not available, empirical PVT correlations becomes the best alternative. In this study, correlation for bubble point pressure of Egyptian crude oils was developed using non- linear multiple regression. This was done by utilized a total of 178 data points were used to develop this correlation. The data were collected from different fields in Egypt and covered a wide range of crude oils ranging from heavy to volatile oils. The data included oils with bubble point pressures ranging from 180 to 4999 Pisa, oAPI of 16.5 to 49.8, gas oil ratio of 62 to 2647 scf/STB, gas gravity of 0.6 to 1.474 and temperature of 107 to 316 oF. The developed correlation was taken as a function of solution gas oil ratio, oil API gravity, gas relative density and reservoir temperature. Statistical and graphical analyses have been used to assess the performance of the correlation. Correlation performance was also compared with published correlations. The new correlations developed by this study performed better than existing published bubble point pressure correlations.

Keywords: PVT Correlations; Bubble point pressure; Egypt.

Abstract: Biomass, as a renewable resource, has the potential to decrease our dependence on fossil fuels, provide energy security and mitigate environmental problems. Shifting dependence from petroleum-based to renewable biomass-based resources is generally viewed as key to the sustainable development and effective management of greenhouse gas emissions. There has been an increasing research interest in the assessment of bio-sourced materials recovered from residual biomass and their conversion techniques. Biomass which is generally considered as less important due to its light weight, bulkiness and less economic value can be a valuable feedstock in biorefineries. Many countries of the world are now on the way to effectively utilizing the so called neglected energy source for achieving greater and cleaner energy efficiency by adopting biorefinery approach. This review paper hereby critically examine the idea of biorefineries as a strategy for sustainability by using different available biomass feedstocks, techniques for their multipurpose conversion into useful chemicals, fuel and materials, and the associated challenges on the basis of relevant researches.

Keywords: Biomass; Biorefinery; Biofuels; Conversion Technologies; Energy.

Abstract: In many fields like, renewal process, life testing problem, stochastic modeling the assumption of exponentiality is heavily used. In many studies dealing with equipment of failure and repair time ,often these time are assumed to be exponentially distributed. However, considerable efforts have been dedicated to testing for exponentiality. Some of the workers in this fields are Bartholomew(1957),Epstein(1960),Gail and Gastwirth (1978), Kolmogorov-Smirnov(1975), Pyke(1967), Moran(1951), Spurior(1984), Doksum and Kendell(1984), Aschar(1990), D agostino and Stephen(1986) etc. In this paper we wish to study performance of some of these tests under different alternative hypotheses, viz. under lognormal distribution, Weibull distribution and gamma distributions etc. Results are obtain usingMonte Carlo simulation technique and displayed in different tables and graphs. Discussions are made based on simulated results and conclusion is drawn accordingly.

Keywords: Goodness of fit test, Exponential distribution, Lognormal, Weibull and gamma distribution, Monte Carlo technique.

Abstract: Single crystal of layered material, FePS3, grows inside sealed and evacuated silica tube. The FePS3 forms at 650°C under a controlled heating rate. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) have been used to study the crystal structure and morphology. The XRD pattern exhibits sharp 001 reflections of the single crystal alloy sheet. The prepared samples exhibit high thermal stability with a decomposition temperature of 780 °C. The SEM images show smoothness of the single crystal sheets. Corrosion behavior was investigated by using open circuit potential, Tafel polarization and cyclic voltametry in presence of 10% hydrochloric acid. The crystal open circuit potential shifts to the nobler direction. There is a passive region in the anodic branch of the polarization curve. The presence of the passive region reflects high corrosion resistance. This behavior of high corrosion resistance can be rationalized on the basis that single crystals are free from grain boundaries.

Keywords: Layered materials, FePS3; Single Crystal; XRD; Electrochemical Behaviour.

Abstract: The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is a demand for the solid contribution replacement of oil-derived transportation fuels with alternatives as ethanol and methanol. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is from the most effective techniques for reducing NOx emissions in compression ignition engines. A 4-cylinder four stroke water cooled direct injection (DI) Fiat diesel engine used for conducting tests with (10% ethanol or 10% methanol) oxygenates blends with diesel fuel combined with EGR technique. The study focused on the trade-off between NOx and PM. The results show that the PM concentration decreases regardless of the types of oxygenating additives, and it decreases with the increase of the oxygen mass fraction in the blends without increasing the NOx. The emitted PM concentrations from diesel engine increased when fuelled with pure diesel fuel and equipped with EGR. Engine operation on the diesel- oxygenate blends presents a remarkable reduction in NOx/ PM concentrations.

Keywords: NOx-PM trade-off, methanol, ethanol, EGR.

Abstract: In the era of digital world, due to the revolution in the field of Information and Communication Technology, Social Networks are providing an accessible platform for users to share and use information in almost all sectors of the society. As a result of this , pervasive usage of social network generates huge amount of social data. Mining this social data has its potential to extract actionable patterns, behave ors which are beneficial business organizations and customers. Different mining tools and techniques can be used to achieve better decision making in the field of Electronic Business Intelligence. This paper reviews basics of Data Mining, Social Network Analysis and its applications in Business Intelligence with data mining techniques and suggest how this survey and study of the data mining approaches can benefit the importance of social network analysis and mining for business intelligence.

Keywords: social network, social data, business intelligence, data mining, data mining techniques.

Abstract: To enhance the productivity and quality of products many firms are practicing the lean manufacturing concepts. Value Stream Mapping (VSM) is one of the lean tools to visualize the hidden waste and its sources. This paper describes the lead time reduction of steering knuckles carried out at XYZ organization in Tiruppur located in South India. On observing the present system of steering knuckle production, the current lead time was calculated and found to be 22.70 minutes for producing two components simultaneously in CNC machines and their current production rate is 619 components per day against the customer demand of 648 components per day. A VSM is drawn to find out the value and non-value added activities involved in current production floor. Then, a Future Value Stream Map is developed to design a lean process flow through the elimination of the root causes for the wastes and through process improvements. This paper uses the VSM technique thereby helps the management to reduce the production lead time of steering knuckle and to fulfill the customer demands.

Keywords: Lean Manufacturing, Value Stream Mapping, Steering Knuckle, Lead time, Customer Demand.

Abstract: Cloud computing builds on established trends, where a large number of systems are connected in both public and private networks, which uses internet and one centralized server to maintain data and various applications. Due to Technology advancement, the cost of computation, application hosting, content storage and delivery is reduced significantly. Cloud Computing is a flexible, cost-effective, and proven delivery platform for providing business or consumer IT services over the Internet. Forrester defines cloud computing as: "A pool of abstracted, highly scalable, and managed compute infrastructure capable of hosting end-customer applications and billed by consumption." This paper introduces a detailed analysis of the cloud computing security issues and challenges focusing on the cloud computing types and the service delivery types.

Keywords: Architecture; Infrastructure; Platform; Software; Security issues; Challenges; IT.

Abstract: In this term paper; the problem of increasing efficiency in OFDMA had been abridged into an utmost biased similar dilemma which can have polynomial time solution or it can be further optimized to get better results. In this research work, pairing algorithm performance is improved by the using, Heuristic Algorithm technique which is based on strength of signal. The potency of signal is calculated and then couple the users based on their signal potency. There is no need to locate the distance of the users. Simulation results specify that our heuristic algorithm attain asymptotic performance of optimal allocation algorithm with much lower complexity. Though we just consider some classes of services in the simulation, it is easy to expand more modules of services without escalating intricacy.The outcome of the best prejudiced identical algorithm had been evaluated and will be compared with other method to show its complexity. They had also used matching algorithms to find the location information of the users.

Keywords: OFDMA, Heuristic Pairing Algorithm, FFT, SNR and BER.

Abstract: In this paper theoretical investigation of steady state characteristics of finite hydrodynamic porous oil journal bearing under turbulent regime has been conducted. Governing equation is solved numerically by using finite difference technique. Constantinescu's turbulent lubrication theory is used for this analysis. The steady state characteristics such as load carrying capacity, friction variable, end flow rate and attitude angle have been investigated over a broad span of variables like Reynolds's number, eccentricity ratio, slenderness ratio and bearing speed parameter. These characteristics are numerically evaluated using Borland C++ software for windows 7 operating system. The results are denoted by graphs which can be convenient for the analysis of such bearings.

Keywords: Porous bearing, hydrodynamic, turbulent, lubrication.

Abstract: To retrieve information from web we use Google, Yahoo and MSN which are more famous search engines. Search engine is one tool to locate into on the www. It search for and identifies items in database with reference to keywords entered by user (where we get relevant data also which is not exact what we which is time consuming).For web crawling we use focused crawler which based on ontology architecture. Focused crawler search for web pages having more page rank for user requirement. Where ontology is a specification about domain. It is a part of artificial intelligence. Also web pages on site are liked with ontology structure. In pepper we use Focused Crawler and Ontology for exact service related site.

Keywords: Focused Crawling, Ontology, Web services, Metadata, Digital Ecosystem .

Abstract: This paper presents an algorithm based on Multi-objective modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MOMPSO) for determining optimal locations and optimal sizes of distributed generators and D-STATCOM units simultaneously. The problem has been solved by considering multiple objective functions of minimization of power loss, minimization of cost function and minimization of deviation of bus voltage. Sensitivity analysis is used to identify the candidate locations for installing DG and D-STATCOM units. The MOMPSO algorithm is used to find the optimal size of these units by considering the minimization of objective function subjected to practical constraints. The proposed algorithm has been tested on IEEE-33 and IEEE-69 test systems and results are presented.

Keywords: Distributed Generators (DGs), D-STATCOM, Multi objective function, modified particle swarm optimization, Sensitivity analysis.

Abstract: This article shows that sludge resulting from the aerobic treatment of Düzce Pakmaya Facility can be composted either with domestic organic wastes or by themselves in closed aerobic reactors. The economic raw materials in Düzce and cities in the vicinity of Düzce which can be used for the composting are determined and mathematical postulates were developed. Proving the accuracy of these mathematical postulates with laboratory analyses, it was proved that how the composting process is conducted can be determined beforehand by mathematical postulates with maximum ±9% deviation. The result of the composting of sludge both with domestic organic wastes and by themselves were examined separately and evaluated according to the compost formation criteria. The main aim of this study is to combine solid wastes that are getting a problem day by day and treatment sludge. And also, turn the raw materials that pollute the environment into beneficial products to make a pilot scale approach to the solid waste problem.

Keywords: Composting, organic waste, sludge, solid waste.

Abstract: Estimating Reusability near the beginning in the software development life cycle, particularly at design phase, may help the designers to integrate required improvement and corrections for improving overall quality of the developed software. This research paper proposes a framework for reusability estimation that provides step by step solution for reusability estimation of object oriented software. As well as study developed a multivariate regression model 'Reusability Estimation Model for Object-Oriented software' at design phase of software development process. Proposed model has been mathematically validated through proper statistical measures and contextual explanation has been drawn. This study facilitates the software developers, designer and quality controllers, the inclusion of reusability estimation model to access and quantify software reusability for quality product. Reusability estimation in early stage of software development life cycle always supports the designers to improve the reusability of product class diagram and consequently the reusability of software.

Keywords: Reusability, Estimation, Design Properties, Quality Factors, Object Oriented Design.

Abstract: This paper explores big data and its impact on society and industry. Data collected from many streams such as social data, machine data, and transactional data are collected at rates that reaching overwhelming numbers. Many question its importance and relevance to society, but when evaluated and analyzed, we can see how it has made advancements in technology and in social development that affects each of us on a daily basis. The more data that is collected, the more accurate information we have to meet the needs of an ever changing society. Technological advancements have changed how this data is collected and stored and this is seen in many industries and companies and their use of big data to determine their own relevance in society and how they economic and social development. SAS (Statistical Analysis System) is one of the leading providers of big data and is the standard for data management. Oracle, IBM, and Teradata are some of the leading providers of terabyte scale data to companies that require data management. The following will provide some insight on how big data is generated, analyzed and used to meet the needs of our ever changing society.

Keywords: big data impacts, data types, datification, big data uses, big data defined.