Abstract: Dry cargo operations form a vital backbone of global trade, handling bulk commodities such as coal, grain, ores, and fertilizers that are essential for industrial and economic development. However, the sector faces increasing pressure to enhance operational efficiency, reduce costs, and align with environmental and regulatory standards. This project investigates the multifaceted strategies required to optimize dry cargo operations, focusing on both port-side logistics and onboard vessel practices.
Key areas of analysis include berth scheduling, cargo handling equipment utilization, storage yard management, and real-time vessel traffic coordination. The integration of modern technologies—such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and data analytics—is explored as a means to improve decision-making, forecast cargo volumes, and monitor equipment performance. Furthermore, the project addresses the importance of stakeholder collaboration among shipping lines, port authorities, terminal operators, and logistics service providers to reduce bottlenecks and idle time.

Keywords: Dry cargo operations, Maritime logistics, Port optimization, Bulk cargo handling, Turnaround time, Terminal efficiency, Digitalization Predictive analytics, Vessel scheduling Environmental sustainability, Cargo throughput Supply chain integration.

| DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2025.125287