Abstract: The term "organizational citizenship behavior" (OCB) describes employees' voluntary, extra-role activities that greatly improve organizational performance but are not formally rewarded. Beyond official job obligations, these behaviors—such as civic virtue, conscientiousness, civility, sportsmanship, and altruism—support a healthy work environment and help the business succeed.
OCB is becoming more and more important in the competitive and fast-paced corporate environment of today. These behaviors are influenced by elements such as personality qualities, organizational commitment, leadership style, and work satisfaction. Higher levels of OCB are frequently fostered by inclusive workplace cultures and supportive leadership, which enhances teamwork, productivity, and lowers attrition.
This paper examines the dimensions, antecedents, and outcomes of OCB, emphasizing the role of HR practices and organizational culture in promoting such behaviour. Encouraging OCB can provide a strategic advantage, helping organizations adapt and thrive in a constantly evolving environment.

Keywords: Organizational Citizenship Behavior, extra-role activities, altruism, conscientiousness, sportsmanship, civic virtue, workplace culture, leadership style, employee engagement, organizational commitment.

| DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2025.12551