Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Selected Villages of Shahpur Taluk, Yadgir District, Karnataka

Abstract: Groundwater is a critical resource in semi-arid regions of India, particularly in Karnataka where rural communities rely on borewells. The present study assesses groundwater quality in selected villages of Shahpur Taluk, Yadgir District, Karnataka. Eight source were selected, samples were selected borewells and hand pumps across Gogi-K, Gogi-P, Hoskera, and Hattigudur. Physico-chemical parameters including pH, Temperature, Total Hardness (TH), Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Fluoride, Nitrate, and Dissolved Oxygen were analyzed. Results indicated that while pH remained within BIS/WHO limits, hardness, calcium, magnesium, fluoride, and nitrate often exceeded permissible standards. Water Quality Index (WQI) shows that most sources as unfit for consumption to very poor, rendering them unsuitable for domestic use without treatment.

Keywords: Groundwater quality, WQI, Physico-chemical characteristics