Abstract: Dyes are extensively used in industries such as textiles, food, leather, and plastics and their discharge into the environment causes serious ecological hazards. Dye-contaminated water alters color, depletes dissolved oxygen, and disrupts aquatic ecosystems. This study investigates the adsorption potential of Moringa oleifera seed and flower powders, in both raw and activated forms, for the removal of textile dyes from industrial effluents. These plant-derived biosorbents were prepared and thermally activated to enhance surface characteristics and functional group availability, thereby improving dye interaction. Adsorption experiments were systematically performed under varying pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time to establish optimal operational conditions. Results indicated that the activated biosorbents exhibited notably higher dye removal efficiency than their raw counterparts, attributed to enhanced surface area, porosity, and active functional sites. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) analysis further validated the results, showing a marked reduction in dissolved contaminants and improvement in water quality after treatment.

This study thus demonstrates that thermal activation significantly improved the adsorption performance and surface reactivity of Moringa oleifera-based biosorbents. Due to their low cost, renewability, and environmental safety, these biosorbents present a sustainable and effective alternative for treating dye-contaminated textile effluents, contributing to eco-friendly wastewater management and sustainable industrial practices.

Keywords: Moringa oleifera, Biosorbents, Activated Carbon, Dye removal, Textile effluent, Adsorption

Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2026.13399