Detection of Somaclonal Variations in Banana CV. Grand Naine (AAA) Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Technique

Abstract: Current research investigation aimed to detect variations of somaclones in the banana cv. Grand Naine by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular marker technique. Matured leaves that are free from damage caused by pests or disease were collected in brown covers from different field places of Bengaluru, Karnataka. Isolation of genomic DNA was carried out by cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. The integrity and purity of DNA and visualization of amplified products was done by electrophoresis and quantified. PCR amplification of DNA from banana somaclones using RAPD, markers were carried out using Taq DNA polymerase and short stretch of oligonucleotides (primers), which are specific to the DNA to be amplified. Then the RAPD, markers are used to assess the genetic variation in somaclonal variants of banana cv. Grand Naine. The potential of molecular markers have been used for testing the genetic fidelity of micropropagated cv. Grand Naine (AAA) plants in the fields. Molecular markers like RAPD used to identify the genetic variations that has resulted in banana cv. Grand Naine. All the markers tried clearly showed polymorphism between the off types and the normal banana plants. In conclusion, 9-17% polymorphism was observed in variants indicating the level of genetic change. The primers OPS-05 was redesigned as a marker for dwarf off-type and AR-14 for dwarf non-flowering.

Keyword: RADP, OPS-5, AR-14, Molecular markers, Polymorphism