Abstract: Biodiesel is a renewable diesel replacement fuel that is manufactured from domestically produced oils such as neem seed oil, soybean oil, recycled cooking oils, or animal fats. To manufacture biodiesel, these fats and oils are chemically reacted with a short chain alcohol (such as methanol) and a catalyst to produce biodiesel and a glycerin co-product. Biodiesel can be used alone (B100) or blended with petroleum diesel in any proportion. Biodiesel can be legally blended with petroleum diesel in any percentage. This project deal with the analysis of emission properties and performance characteristics of biodiesel. Pollutants like CO (Carbon monoxide), HC (Hydro Carbon), PM (Particulate matters) etc. can be reduced by using biodiesel blended with diesel. Increment in NOx emission has been a problem in biodiesel but it can be overcome by various methods like Cetane no improver. Additives play a crucial role in minimizing NOx emission that could be a sigh of relief for the researcher who are opting biodiesel as an alternative fuel. Mainly animal fats and vegetable oils are used for the production of biodiesel.Several types of fuels can be derived from triacylglycerol-containing feedstock. Biodiesel which is defined as the mono-alkyl esters of vegetable oils or animal fats. Biodiesel is produced by trans esterifying the oil or fat with an alcohol (methanol/ethanol) under mild conditions in the presence of a base catalyst.

Keywords: Biodiesel, Animal Fats, Transesterification, Biodiesel, Petro Diesel, Blends

| DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.96153