Abstract: Solid waste management problems have gotten worse due to rapid urbanisation and population growth. Conventional approaches cannot meet the constantly changing needs of contemporary cities. An innovative chance to improve the sustainability and efficiency of waste collection and management systems is provided by the incorporation of Internet of Things (IoT) technology. An extensive literature review of current IoT-based waste management solutions is presented in this paper. It highlights research gaps, talks about different methods and technological developments, and makes recommendations for further work.

Keywords: Real-time monitoring, sensors, smart waste management, IoT, and route optimization

| DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2025.12713