Abstract: This research explores the potential of stepper motors on Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines focusing on simulation and control using Arduino. Stepper motors offer advantages like easier control and lower costs, but they face challenges like oscillations and limited torque. This study presents a novel, low-cost, closed-loop control system to address these issues. . The design and implementation of a stepper motor circuit, along with relevant Arduino code, enabled precise motor movement. The simulation results showed that optimizing delay and speed settings significantly improved the motor's performance, achieving faster and more reliable responses suitable for practical CNC applications.

Keynote: CNC, STEPPER MOTOR, CLOSED LOOP, LOW COST.

| DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2025.12215