Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive MATLAB/Simulink model for simulating a regenerative braking system in an electric vehicle (EV). Regenerative braking offers a significant advantage in EVs by converting the kinetic energy of the vehicle during deceleration into electrical energy, which is then fed back to the battery, thereby improving energy efficiency and extending the driving range. The developed simulation model incorporates key components of the regenerative braking system, including the vehicle dynamics, electric motor/generator, battery model, and the control logic that governs the transition between regenerative and mechanical braking. Different control strategies for distributing the braking torque between the regenerative and friction brakes are implemented and analyzed. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in capturing the energy regeneration process under various driving conditions, including different deceleration rates and vehicle speeds. Furthermore, the impact of different regenerative braking control strategies on the energy recovery and overall braking performance is evaluated and compared. This study provides valuable insights into the design and optimization of regenerative braking systems in EVs, contributing to the development of more energy-efficient and sustainable transportation solutions.

Keywords: Electric Vehicle (EV), Regenerative Braking, MATLAB/Simulink, Simulation, Energy Efficiency, Braking Control Strategy.

| DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2025.12330