Abstract: The continuously increasing demand for electric power and the economic access to remote renewable energy sources such as off-shore wind power or solar thermal generation in deserts have revived the interest in High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Multiterminal Systems (networks). A lot of work was done in this area, especially in the 1980s, but only two three-terminal systems were realized. Since then, HVDC technology has advanced considerably and, despite numerous technical challenges, the realization of large-scale HVDC networks is now seriously discussed and considered. For the acceptance and reliability of these networks, the availability of HVDC Circuit Breakers (CBs) will be critical, making them one of the key enabling technologies. Numerous ideas for HVDC breaker schemes have been published and patented, but no acceptable solution has been found to interrupt HVDC short-circuit currents. This paper aims to summarize the literature, especially that of the last two decades, on technology areas that are relevant to HVDC breakers. Additionally, different technologies based on derived information from literatures are compared. Finally, recommendations for improvement of circuit breakers are presented.

Keywords: HVDC, HVDC fault current, Solid-state DC circuit breaker, Hybrid circuit breaker, Power-conditioning units; dc/dc converters; dc/ac inverters, Distributed generation; Renewable energy sources; Fuel cell systems.

| DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2020.7716