Abstract: Irrigation system is becoming smart by using modern technologies, which is more advantageous than traditional irrigation methods. In this work, a irrigation system is developed that automates the irrigation process powered by solar energy. This system operates by automatically turning the motor on or off to allow water to flow through the pump based on the needs of the soil, as determined by a soil moisture sensor. This not only minimizes water wastage but also ensures that crops receive the right amount of water at the right time. The soil moisture sensor detects the humidity levels in the soil and transmits this data to the control modules. The system then analyses this data and activates the water pump as needed. By using solar power, this irrigation system not only conserves water but also electricity, making it a cost-effective solution to our energy needs.  Additionally, solar-powered smart irrigation systems are especially beneficial for Indian farmers, providing a reliable and sustainable solution. Although this system does not function at night, we can integrate rechargeable batteries to maintain operation, ensuring continuous irrigation. In conclusion, this smart irrigation system is highly recommended for farmers in areas with limited access to a constant water supply. It promotes sustainable agriculture by being economical, eco-friendly, and efficient.

Keywords: Soil moisture sensor, Arduino, IC 7812, LCD display module, Relay module, water pump, real-time data transmission, automatic moisture sensing and water pumping.

| DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2024.11703