Abstract: This paper offers an in-depth review of recent progress in blockchain-enabled electronic voting systems, emphasizing voter authentication and data security. Traditional voting methods are prone to issues such as fraud, tampering, and limited transparency, while electronic voting systems often grapple with centralization and security risks. Blockchain technology provides a decentralized and tamper-resistant framework, effectively addressing these concerns and supporting secure and transparent electoral processes.

The study reviews various approaches that integrate blockchain with modern authentication techniques, including deep learning-based facial recognition and OTP verification. Tools such as Ethereumblockchain, Ganache, and Metamask are analyzed for their roles in ensuring tamper-proof vote recording and secure transaction handling. Additionally, the system incorporates Python for backend development, PHP and SQL for database management, and WAMP server for efficient operations.

Through this survey, we identify key trends, challenges, and research gaps in existing systems, such as scalability, computational demands, and user adoption. Finally, we propose an enhanced voting framework that leverages blockchain and biometric technologies to provide a robust, scalable, and user-friendly solution, paving the way for secure and transparent elections.

Keywords: Blockchain, E-Voting, Smart Contracts, Biometric Authentication, Ethereum, Deep Learning, Multi-Factor Authentication, Tamper-Proof, Security, Privacy, Decentralization, OTP Verification.

Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2025.12348