IARJSET aligns to the suggestive parameters by the latest University Grants Commission (UGC) for peer-reviewed journals, committed to promoting research excellence, ethical publishing practices, and a global scholarly impact.
Abstract: Concrete mortar possess very low tensile strength, limited ductility and little resistance to cracking. Addition of small closely spaced, uniformly distributed fibres act as crack arrester, substantially increase static and dynamic properties with increasing water content bleeding, plastic shrinkage and reduction in strength will occur with decreasing water content hydration process is incomplete, increase in gel/ space ratio will happens by adding plasticisers and other chemicals for workability and to achieve strength will act temporarily. To come across these two problems by the addition of small amount of fibres effectively control early age plastic shrinkage and cracking. In the present work two types of fibres Poly propylene (PP) fibre STEALTHe3, Alkali Resistant (AR)fibre CEM- FIL was used. PP fibre act mechanically in the cement mortar and act as crack arrester with increased Flexural, Compressive, and Split tensile strength properties. AR fibre act chemically with the cement mortar by the formation of ZrO2 and SiO2 .These two oxidants act with the C-S-H gel and CaOH2 which are by products of hydration. By increasing alkali content in the cement mortar, durability properties are shown in our work. Both fibres have increased mechanical and durability properties when compared to control mix. In water absorption test both fibres have no effect because fibre will evaporate at the temperature of 1100C. Finally as result we conclude that addition of small amount of fibres will increase 5 to 15 % in strength and durability properties of cement mortar.
Abstract: This paper reviews strategies evolved for protecting sensitive data for the past 10 years. There has been a steep rise in privacy concerns in today's Internet world. There is a definitive need to provide confidentiality as well as preserve privacy of sensitive data. Confidentiality means that data stored in one place unauthorized is difficulty of impossible to access. Usually confidentiality is achieved by be using access policy or used some cryptographic tools. Privacy means the safety provided to the information, without leaking sensitive information. Considering the case of a medical database to join with a research institution. In that case patient's personal health care information and medical information have to be provided for researchers. Hence, in order to provide every patient record privacy, the database needs to be an anonymized version of the patient record then sent to the researchers. Researchers are provided with anonymized database only. The Evolution of Sensitive Data Preservation techniques are discussed. The sensitive data attack prevention techniques are portrayed. Techniques to protect trajectory sensitive data are also intensively discussed.
Keywords: Data Confidentiality, Cryptography, Sensitive Data, k-anonymity, Attack Prevention, Trajectory Sensitive Data
A SURVEY ON APPROACHES DEVELOPED FOR DATA ANONYMIZATION
K.DEEPIKA, P.ANDREW, R.SANTHYA, PROF. S.BALAMURUGAN, S.CHARANYAA
Abstract: This paper reviews methods developed for anonymizing data for the past 10 years. Publishing microdata such as census or patient data for extensive research and other purposes is an important problem area being focused by government agencies and other social associations. The traditional approach identified through literature survey reveals that the approach of eliminating uniquely identifying fields such as social security number from microdata, still results in disclosure of sensitive data, k-anonymization optimization algorithm ,seems to be promising and powerful in certain cases ,still carrying the restrictions that optimized k-anonymity are NP-hard, thereby leading to severe computational challenges. k-anonimity faces the problem of homogeneity attack and background knowledge attack . The notion of l- diversity proposed in the literature to address this issue also poses a number of constraints , as it proved to be inefficient to prevent attribute disclosure (skewness attack and similarity attack), l-diversity is difficult to achieve and may not provide sufficient privacy protection against sensitive attribute across equivalence class can substantially improve the privacy as against information disclosure limitation techniques such as sampling cell suppression rounding and data swapping and pertubertation. This paper aims to discuss efficient anonymization approach that requires partitioning of microdata equivalence classes and by minimizing closeness by kernel smoothing and determining ether move distances by controlling the distribution pattern of sensitive attribute in a microdata and also maintaining diversity.
Keywords: Data Anonymization, Microdata, k-anonymity, Identity Disclosure, Attribute Disclosure, Diversity
ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRONIC BANKING SERVICES IN ISLAMIC BANKS BAHRAIN’S PERSPECTIVE
LUCIA FERARO-BANTA, PH.D
Abstract: The study aims to assess the electronic banking services in Islamic banks in Bahrain. The investigation was based on qualitative and quantitative design using the questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Quota sampling was employed to 200 bank customers. The respondents agreed that there is the existing electronic banking services in terms of application for loan and credit card with an overall composite mean of 4.02; personal account-3.94; payment of bills- 3.89 and transfer of funds-3.96 respectively. Likewise, the bank customers have expectations as to the electronic services in terms of the variables cited as revealed by overall mean of 4.01 in application for loan and credit card; personal account-3.91; payment of bills-4.0 and transfer of funds- 3.89 respectively. In terms of application for loan and credit card, personal account and payment of bills, the computed sig. (2-tailed) value of .108 of the first, computed sig. (2-tailed) value of .284 of the second and the computed sig. (2-tailed) value of .966 indicated the acceptance of the null hypothesis. Therefore, there is no divergence between the status and the level of expectation on the electronic banking services in Islamic banks in Bahrain in relations to application for loan and credit card, personal account and payment of bills. However, in terms of transfer of funds, the computed sig. (2-tailed) value of .002 showed the rejection of the null hypothesis. Therefore, there is considerable divergence between the status and the level of expectation on the electronic banking services in Islamic banks when it pertains to transfer of funds. Customers find difficulty in executing the electronic banking services due to lots of information required in the application of loans and credit cards and takes long time to release the loan. Regarding personal account, customers are apprehensive for it lacks confidentiality and can easily be hacked. Hence, they cannot easily access and have difficulty in logging in. As to payment of bills, customers find difficulty in going to the bank to pay their bills and no confirmation received when payment is executed. Moreover, there is no monthly updates issued by the bank and Islamic banks are not entertaining other currencies except Bahrain dinar. Pertaining to transfer of funds, Islamic banks have limited number of branches to accommodate customers and it takes time to transfer funds.
Keywords: Electronic banking service, Islamic bank, Syariah principles
Abstract: In the resent technology development everything became automated .Automatic energy meter (AEM) is one among them. In this automatic energy meter amount of power consumption is calculated on monthly basis and the calculated data (amount of power consumption) is send to the Electricity board for billing and EB again send back the bill amount to the every user. This energy meter also alert the EB in case of any detection of power theft .This system uses ATMEGA microcontroller for collection and manipulation of data and the technology used here for communication is GSM technology.
Keywords: Automatic energy meter (AME);Global System Monitoring
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AL 6061–TIB2 IN – SITU METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE
LAWRANCE C.A AND DR. P.SURESH PRABHU
Abstract: Many researchers are getting attracted by aluminium matrix composite due to its properties like high hardness, strength, wear resistance, stiffness and specific modulus. However, the presence of coarse reinforcement particles and their non uniform distribution and micro structural heterogeneity affect adversely the mechanical properties of aluminium alloys. The composites fabricated using in-situ method, to a certain extent, can eliminate these limitations. Entrapment of fine and small sized particles in the matrix-reinforcement interface helps in the creation of stronger interfacial bond. Aluminium 6061 alloys are widely used in many engineering applications in construction and transportation where superior mechanical properties such as hardness and tensile strength are essentially required. TiB2 is a refractory compound that exhibits high hardness and strength, high melting point and modulus. Using halide salts namely potassium hexafluro titanate (K2TiF6) and potassium tetrafluro borate (KBF4) an attempt has been made to investigate the degree of in-situ reaction in the synthesis of Al 6061 – TiB2 metal matrix composite.
Keywords: Aluminium matrix composite (AMC), Al 6061 alloy, In-situ, Al 6061- TiB2 metal matrix composite.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF OFFSET ERROR CANCELLING USING HIGH SPEED FLASH ADC
A PRABAKARAN, DR R HARIKUMAR, DR P SAMPATH, S GANDHIRAJ, K SILAMBARASAN
Abstract: The performance of Flash Analog- to-Digital converter is greatly influenced by the choice of Comparator and Thermometer-to- Binary encoder design. The work describes the design and pre-simulation of a , 3bit and an 4bit analog to digital converter for low power CMOS. It requires 2N-1 comparators, an encoder to convert thermometer code to binary code. The design is simulated in cadence environment using spectre simulator under 90nm technology. The pre simulation results for the design shows a low power dissipation of 87uw for the comparator and 1.05mW and 1.984mW power dissipation for 3-bit and 4-bit Flash ADC respectively. The circuit operates with an input frequency of 25MHz and 1.5V supply with a conversion time of 2.162ns and 6.182ns for 3-bit and 4-bit ADC respectively.
ELECTRICAL POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN DOMESTIC APPLICATION BASED ON 802.15.4 COMMUNICATION AND IR CONTROLS
NISHANTH L, NIRMALAKUMARI K, RAMESH S M, JAWAHAR N
Abstract: This paper describes more efficient domestic energy management system to reduce power consumption in domestic area. We consider the room easily controllable with an IR remote control of a domestic device. The room has automatic standby power switch-off outlets, a light source, and a 802.15.4 hub. The 802.15.4 hub had an IR code learning function and educates the IR remote control signal of a domestic device connected to the power outlet. While the power outlets and the light in the room can be controlled with an IR remote control. This type of automatic standby power cut-off outlet has a waiting time before cutting off the electric power. It consumes standby power during that period of time. To eliminate the waiting time, we turn off the domestic device and the power outlet simultaneously with an IR remote control through the 802.15.4 hub. This method reduces the standby power. The proposed HEMS provide easy way of addition, delete, and move domestic devices to other power outlets. When a domestic device is moved to the different outlet, the energy information of the domestic device is kept consistently and seamlessly regardless of location change. The proposed design structure gives more efficient energy-saving HEMS.
Keywords: 802.15.4 hub, HEMS, power cut-off, IR remote control.
Abstract: This paper present a survey on the micro strip patch antenna and there historical perspectives. The micro strip antenna has better prospects and advantages which make greater progress in recent years. In this paper we discuss micro strip antenna, types, feeding techniques and application, advantage and disadvantages over conventional microwave antennas. We also discuss their dual and circular polarizations, dual-frequency operation, frequency agility, broad band-width and feed line flexibility.
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP OF SURFACE MECHANICAL ATTRITION TREATMENT (SMAT) AND STUDY OF THE TREATED SPECIMEN
SHREYAS.P, TRISHUL.M.A
Abstract: The most effective way to alter the structural properties of a material is by surface engineering. The commonly known surface treatments; such as, Nitriding, Carburizing; are expensive, but Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment (SMAT) is a much cheaper alternative. In this paper the basic concepts of SMAT is put forth and also the effects of the treatment on mechanical properties of the material is also discussed. It was found that the hardness of the treated specimen had doubled and there was also phase transformation from γ-austenite to α-martensite The potential applications of SMAT process is also listed.
Abstract: As humans advanced in technology, manmade and natural disasters are increasing exponentially. One of the most dangerous is the forest fire. Forest fire destroys trees which give us oxygen and it is very difficult to stop a forest fire spreading if it is not detected early. Our method is to detect the forest fire as early as possible and also predict the forest fire in advance so that prompt action can be taken before the fire destroys and spreads over a large area. We also find the rate of spread of fire in all direction so that necessary action can be initiated. The other problems are deforestation where humans cut the trees from restricted areas and so the wild animals from the forest enter the human habitation and cause problems. In this paper we discuss the solutions to overcome these problems.
Keywords: Fire detection, humidity sensor, temperature sensor, Intruder detection
ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS USING BEACONLESS ROUTING
DR. D. FRANCIS XAVIER CHRISTOPHER, JAYAPRIYA P
Abstract: Wireless sensor networks are prevalent and cost-effective. However, they face RF interference from environmental noise and energy constraints. Routing protocols for such networks must overcome these problems to achieve reliability, energy efficiency and scalability in message delivery. Multi hop WSNs use shortest-path routing, since operation is often over long unattended periods so the protocol must be energy efficient. An Enhanced Forward Aware Factor-Energy Balanced Routing Method (EFAF-EBRM) based on Data aggregation technique that has some key aspects such as a reduced number of messages for setting up a routing tree, maximized number of overlapping routes, high aggregation rate, and reliable data aggregation and transmission. According to data transmission mechanism of WSN, we quantify the forward transmission area, define forward energy density which constitutes forward-aware factor with link weight. For energy efficient transmission in event-driven WSN, data should be reduced. It requires proper routing method for reliable transmission of aggregated data to sink from the source nodes. Propose a new communication protocol based on forward-aware factor in order to determine next-hop node and IEAR routing algorithm is to reduce the number of transmissions and thus balancing the energy consumption, prolonging the network function lifetime and to improve QoS of WSN.
Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, Efficient and Reliable Routing, Energy Consumption, Lifetime, Beaconless, Sensor Node, Link Score.
Abstract: In this paper, we present an compression technique to reduce the test patter volume in scan test applications. We have proposed an encoding scheme which is run-length based Huffman coding (RLHC). This encoding scheme together with the nine-coded compression technique enhances the test data compression ratio. In the first step, the pre-generated test data with unspecified bits are encoded using the nine-coded compression technique then the run-length based Huffman code is applied to the encoded data. This compression technique is very effective when the percentage of do not cares in a test set is high. We also present the simple decoder architecture to decode the original data. Experimental results on ISCAS’89 benchmark circuits show the effectiveness of the proposed method compared with other test-independent compression techniques.
Keywords: Test data compression, Nine-coded compression, Huffman coding, Design for testability, VLSI testing.
LOAD MEASUREMENT IN HOME ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH DEMAND RESPONSE
DHINAKAR P, JOHN CLEMENT SUNDER A, RAMESH S M, VIGNESH KIRUBAHARAN D
Abstract: In this paper we present a load measurement scheme for home energy management system with energy demand management. The proposed system will have control of various appliances that are available in the home. It manages household loads according to their predefined priority and guarantees the total household power consumption below certain levels. The home energy management system will receive the demand response from the utility side. The goal of the system is to encourage the consumer to use less energy during peak hours or to move the time of energy use to off peak times such as nighttime and weekends. Thus the high peak-to-average ratio (PAR) of power will be avoided and also we adopt real time pricing. The utility company use real time dynamic pricing to coordinate demand responses to the benefit of the overall system. Hence for this purpose we need to measure the power consumed by the various appliances that are available in the home.
Keywords: Load Measurement, Home Energy Management System, Demand Response, Real Time Pricing
EMBEDDED EARLY INTIMATION AND DIAGNOSIS OF FAULT IN AUTOMOBILES
R.PRASAD, S.KIRUBAHARAN, S.M.RAMESH
Abstract: Main objective of this paper is to provide intimation about the fault that occurs in four wheeler. The main fault, the fault which leads to the engine fault, the fault which leads to the temperature rise, is the fault which arises from clutch and gear box. These are the main faults and it should be corrected at earliest for that accuracy is needed. This paper also deals with the fault related to safeness, for safe travelling correct and accurate operation of break and steering should be ensured, this paper also deals with the intimation faults occurs break and steering.RTC is provided for real time clocking of the system.To make it happen practically, this paper provides idea of using various kinds of sensors, comparative algorithm and microcontroller. In this paper the idea for early intimation is also enabled. So that timely change and complete utilization of spares are enabled.
Abstract: This review on experimental, real-world, and behavioral studies shows a strong relation between cell phone use on driving and deterioration in driving performance leading to an increased risk of collision. Although the problem of using on driving has attracted the attention of governments at all levels, the legislative attempts to curb mobile phone use by drivers have been less than successful. Cell phone use on driving continues to be an important issue in traffic safety. The growing number of in-vehicle advance with their potential as distractions, make the issue increasingly relevant. Non Hands-free devices do seem to be the answer, since the requirement of cognitive interaction makes them equally distracting.
EFFECTIVE KEY GENERATION FOR OUTSOURCING PERSONAL HEALTH RECORDS (PHRS) IN CLOUD
V.M.PRABHAKARAN, PROF.S.BALAMURUGAN, S.CHARANYAA
Abstract: Recent days have seen an increased concern in securing data stored in cloud. Cloud computing, besides providing a maximized effectiveness of shared resources, also provides an easy way of storing and retrieving data. Personal Health Records (PHRs) are designed to maintain lifelong details of patients. Automated Patient Identifier and Patient Care System is designed to count hospitalized patients based on the concept of Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) manager. Cloud storage service is accessed through the cloud computer service, web service application programming interface or by a cloud storage gateway. The cloud based workspace is centralized providing easy functionality to share. The cloud environment can provide improvements in system efficiency & density. This paper invades the architecture and initialization of cloud to host patients' medical history. Also this paper, addresses the issue of outsourcing of data in cloud by the method of key generation for cloud user.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Personal Health Records (PHRs), Key Generation, MyPHRMachines, Web service application program interface
SAFE DATA RETRIEVAL MECHANISM FOR RETRIEVING PERSONAL HEALTH RECORDS (PHRS) IN CLOUD
V.M.PRABHAKARAN, PROF.S.BALAMURUGAN, S.CHARANYAA
Abstract: Developing strategies to securely store data across cloud is a much focused topic of research in recent days. Cloud computing focuses on maximizing the effectiveness of the shared resources. Cloud storage provides a convenient means of storing and retrieval of huge amount of data. Personal Health Records (PHRs) should remain the lifelong property of patients and should be displayable conveniently and securely to selected caregivers. MyPHRMachines a patient centric system that takes a radically new architectural solution to health record interoperability. Patients Can Upload their Medical data then they access and share through remote Virtual machine. In this paper a safe data retrieval mechanism is proposed and validated for retrieving personal health records stored in cloud in a hospital scenario.
Keywords: Shared Resources, Cloud Computing, Personal Health Records (PHRs), Medical data, MyPHRMachines
A STRATEGY FOR SECURED UPLOADING OF ENCRYPTED MICRODATA IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT
V.M.PRABHAKARAN, PROF.S.BALAMURUGAN, S.CHARANYAA
Abstract: For the past few years, cloud computing has been grabbed considerable attention in improving the business world by providing organization with innovative ideas to save money, improve operations and gain access to the next generation application. Mobile cloud computing platforms represent a more secure way for provisioning applications and online services to users over social networks. Security and privacy preservation is the main expectation of the cloud users in Mobile based cloud servicing. Cloud storage provides a convenient means of storing and retrieval of huge amount of data. Personal Health Records (PHRs) should remain the lifelong property of patients and should be displayable conveniently and securely to selected caregivers. MyPHRMachines a patient centric system that takes a radically new architectural solution to health record interoperability. Patients Can Upload their Medical data then they access and share through remote Virtual machine. This paper invades various methods of medical data uploading in cloud. Also this paper, addresses the issue of cloudlet creation and secured submission of encrypted file in cloud for years together.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Mobile Cloud Computing, Cloud Servicing, Personal Health Records (PHRs), Virtual Machine
GANDHIRAJ S, RAMKUMAR R, RAMESH S M, KIRUTHIKA S, BHARANI M
Abstract: This paper describes a prototype of a wireless sensor network developed for tracking pilgrims in the Holy areas during Hajj (Pilgrimage). A delay tolerant network principle is used. Energy efficiency, robustness, and reliability are the key factors for the developed system. Every pilgrim will be given a mobile sensor unit that includes a GPS unit, a Microcontroller, antennas and a battery. A network of fixed master units is installed in the Holy area. Upon request or periodically, the sensor unit sends its UID number, latitude, longitude, and time. The close by master unit receives this information and passes it to a server that maps the latitude and longitude information on a Google map or any geographical information system. The developed system can be used to track specific pilgrims. Alternatively any pilgrim can request emergency help using the same system. The location of the person needing help will be identified on the map to make it easy for the help to reach in the most efficient way. The developed system works in coordination with an RFID identification system that was proposed earlier. The developed system was tested successfully during the recent pilgrim season.
EFFICIENT ATTACK PREVENTION METHOD FOR PROTECTING ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS (EHRS) IN CLOUD
V.M.PRABHAKARAN, PROF.S.BALAMURUGAN, S.CHARANYAA
Abstract: The usage of cloud computing for storage and retrieval of electronic health records(EHRs) have seen a steep rise in past few years. This paper proposes an efficient attack prevention mechanism from unauthorized user to the electronic health records stored in cloud. Also effective secured electronic health record retrieval mechanism is also proposed. Health record signals are been stored and processed for the predetermined health function or parameter to define value in the abnormal range. Also future health signal record is to trend the predetermined function and assume a value in abnormal range and condition. PHR systems typically offer functionality to share, visualize and analyze PHR data. Secure lifelong management of patient medical records since data are stored in the cloud and do not have to be carried around by patients.
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (PHRs), Attack Prevention, Retrieval Mechanism, Medical Record, Cloud Computing
Abstract: Entrepreneurship development among women is important for the achievement of broader development objectives such as growth with equity. Studies indicate that many women entrepreneurs are found working in difficult situations when compared to their male counterpart. Factors like political instability, poor infrastructure, high production costs and non-conductive business environment affect women entrepreneurs more than men. Limited access to key resources like land and credit, legal and socio-cultural environment also act as serious impediments. This paper based on performance and role of women entrepreneurs and swot analysis. Women leaders are assertive, persuasive and willing to take risks. They managed to survive and succeed in this competitive world and willing to apply their core competency with their hard work, diligence and perseverance.
Keywords: perseverance. women entrepreneurs, growth, infrastructure, production