Abstract: The study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity through cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition in the solvent extracts of Simarouba glauca leaves. The Soxhlet extraction of dried leaves was carried out with methanol, ethanol, chloroform and water. The anti-inflammatory activity in ethanol and methanol extracts of leaves was studied by protein denaturation inhibition and the Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in THP-1 monocytic cell line by flow cytometry with diclofenac and aspirin as the standard drugs respectively. A concentration dependent inhibition of albumin denaturation by the solvent extracts of S glauca leaves was observed. The ethanol extract showed twice the protein denaturation inhibition, while the methanol extract was almost same as the standard (75.95%) at 500µg/ml. The cyclooxygenase-2 expression was induced using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The geometric mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) due to addition of the solvent extracts was measured. The ethanol and methanol extracts expressed geometric mean cell count of 60488 and 126501 respectively. The study showed that the ethanol extract of leaves has the potential to the decrease the inflammation compared to the methanol extracts. The anti-inflammatory activity is due to the phytochemicals present in the leaves. Further studies are essential to ascertain the use of the plant for preparation of anti-inflammatory drugs.

Keywords: Simarouba glauca. phytochemicals, anti-inflammatory, cyclooxygenase-2, flow cytometry.

| DOI: 10.17148/IARJSET.2022.9282