THE EVOLUTION OF MOBILE CONNECTIVITY: UNPACKING 5G, IOT AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract: Mobile communication has evolved from basic voice services to advanced, high-speed networks that drive global connectivity. The introduction of fifth-generation (5G) technology, which provides ultra-fast speeds, low latency, high reliability, and mass device connectivity, is a major leap forward. This is accelerating the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), enabling seamless communication between billions of devices, and supporting applications across a wide range of sectors. This paper examines the current state of mobile communication, focusing on the technological advancements brought by 5G and its integration with IoT. It highlights key benefits such as increased network capacity and real-time data processing while addressing challenges such as infrastructure costs. The study further explores the transformative impact on healthcare, education, entertainment, and industrial automation. By analysing industry trends and emerging research, this work provides insight into the evolving mobile ecosystem and outlines the opportunities and challenges shaping the transition to 6G and future networks.

Keywords: mobile communication, IoT,2G,3G,4G,5G, AR, VR.